Freedom of the Seas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Freedom of the Seas - testify ExampleHistorically, it has been one of the chief means by which the United States has influenced international affairs the vigorous self-confidence of the principle of freedom of the seas has been a major(ip) cause of four armed conflicts the Quasi- state of war with France in 1798, the Barbary Wars, the War of 1812, and realness War I. First realized by the Romans, it was challenged in the sixteenth century to secure trade and by a Papal Bull that sought to divide the oceans between Portugal and Spain. During the eighteenth century, the principle again became astray accepted when the definition of territorial waters was protracted to include a three-mile zone. While the United States strongly took the position that neutral ships should be allowed to carry goods for belligerents in times of war, other nations enforced rules of contraband (mostly define as military stores) and blockade.This became an important issue during the wars after the Fre nch Revolution when Great Britain and France imposed ocean blockades. To force these nations to change their policies (and also to end British impressment on American ships), the United States passed the ban Act (1807) and the Nonintercourse Act (1809). After France declared it would lift its blockade, and when Great Britain did not follow suit at bottom a three-month period as demanded by prexy James Madison, the United States declared war on Great Britain in June 1812.The United States accepted the concepts of contraband and blockade as legitimate during the Civil War but shied away from capturing Confederate diplomats off of neutral vessels during the Trent Affair. As long as the United States was a neutral during World War I and World War II, it protested the extensive blockades against Germany and very liberal British definitions of contraband. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, nonetheless, established maritime control areas at the beginning of World War II that extended int o the high seas. In both wars, activities of German U-boats against neutrals provoked sharp American protest by President Woodrow Wilson after the sinking of the Lusitania in 1915, and by Roosevelt in September 1941 after the torpedoing of American ships.The first major challenge to the freedom of the seas principle after World War II was President Harry S. Trumans 1945 proclamation extending U.S. jurisdiction to natural resources on the continental shelf. Other nations followed by extending their territorial waters, some of them as farthermost as 200 nautical miles. A 300-mile maritime defense zone around the American continents, established by the Rio Pact of 1947, was cited by the John F. Kennedy administration to legitimize the naval quarantine during the Cuban missile Crisis in 1962. The Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea agreed upon a 12-mile territorial limit and a 200-mile pocket economic zone in December 1982.In 1982 a countrywide United Nations Law of the Sea Treaty agreement was reached that established the twelve-mile limit for territorial waters and the two-hundred-mile exclusive economic zone that the United States had pushed for. The historic pact deemed the worlds oceans the common heritage of mankind and

Comparing Sources in Ethnomusicology Research Paper

Comparing Sources in Ethnomusicology - Research Paper ExampleIn 1948, a Dutch, Jaap Kunst coined the term ethnomusicology which would accent the role of culture in the study of world music (Frishkopf, 13). Ethnomusicology referred to the study of any music out-of-door the European art tradition and all varieties of music found in one locale.Ethnomusicology is a super inter-disciplinary field yet all ethnomusicologists share a common foundation in approaches and methods, namely savvy music as a social practice, taking a global approach to music, engaging in ethnographic fieldwork(Frishkopf, 16). This research paper provides a description of three articles from the journal for ethnomusicology, its subject and characterizes the ethnological approaches that each(prenominal) author demonstrates.The field of ethnomusicology has expanded rapidly that it now includes almost any type of human military action that can be related in some manner to what may be termed as music. Michael Fris hkopf approaches the government issue of ethnomusicology using a compilation of essays by various ethnomusicologist that concentrate on many of the contemporary concerns. This includes 9 topical sections discussed herein. The essays offer approaches to theoretical frameworks, insights and research that connect with current methods in diverse disciplines. Works from development areas of focus have been consulted and fully integrated in research methodologies especially gender issues, ethnical studies, history, linguistics, holiness and political science (Frishkopf, 31). Tourism studies are relatively new in ethnomusicology. The concept of cultural tourism has become a major force in the contemporary music scenes. Some researchers identify cultural tourism as vital to the continuation of traditional practices and renewal of traditional musical styles and forms. He explores how families part festivals to create, preserve and represent their unique identity (Frishkopf, 50).The conc ept of commodification and consumption applied to music involves the

Occupational Health and Safety Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Occupational Health and Safety Report - Essay ExampleThis common reoccurrence in this department are heavily expensive in terms of revenue and employees on leave due(p) to work step up injury. I personally think there should be a distinct appropriation privy for those types of emergencies. Workplace hazards are an issue within my department in which I must take fear of. However, I feel there is lackluster effort on your part in aiding my cause. I ask this composition does not create strife or glumend you in any sort just now it is my every intention this may be read as a cordial admonishment.Work place hazard regulations have been drafted and implemented in the past few decades in Australia as well as other industrialized countries. The promulgations of such mandates are the byproduct of horrors and abuses of the industrial age. Thus, to prevent and limit the abuses and mistreatment of huge businesses and corporations for its improper condom methods and little, if not any, pr ecaution procedures, lawmakers has taken initiatives to protect those unable to stand against employers who usurp their less- fortunate employees. Also, fatigue unions grew to further protect workers hazards and wrongful dischargement. Such efforts to reform safety measures has transcended through the decades to protect workers from hazards the can extend to the health of an employee. (www.ohs.annu.edu.au/ohs, 2002) In this composition, an analysis will be done of the regulations and legislations on occupational health and safety. A situation will be used a variable in which the occupational health and safety will have to be implemented.Here are the particulars On Wednesday, October 24, 2007, our receptionist in the Administration Department of the eastbound Coast Secretarial Service, bloody shame Smith, tripped over an extension cord en route away from her desk. Her head trip caused her to fall heavily on her knee which was a critical insult to her bone and joint. This trauma to her knee prompted edema accumulation. I instructed one of her colleagues who witnessed Mary misstep to accompany her to the hospital. The X-ray results revealed that a piece of the platella has been fractured off the main bone. The prognosis to insults to the body such as these prompts the immediate leave of absence. Hence on this precept, Mary Smith has been given two fortnights of leave and she will be given an extended leave of absence upon further analysis of her knee after her preliminary respite.Events such as these prompted me to address you my concerns about the precondition of this enterprise. The lack of uniformity (www.ohs.annu.edu.au/ohs, 2002) in the regulations can be an impediment toward adjusting to these laws, but I believe this gives us the opportunity to make amends on our own. The recommendations in the British Robens Report (1972) encourages enterprises like ours to use a self-regulation methodology that includes workers and management to improvise the Occu pational Health and safety standards set down be the state. (www.ohs.annu.edu.au/ohs, 2002) In chapter 4, section 2, divisions 3 on the Occupational Health and Safety Act 2000 in regards to work expound, the prefect of the premises are obligated to protect employees from hazardous electrical equipment and appliances. (www.austii.edu.au, 2001) All appliances that places a potential threat to employees (i.e. fires, flaring, overheating) should to be turned off. Appliances that are open in workplace premises and can be a

The Aim of Business Policy and Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

The get down of Business Policy and Strategy - Essay ExampleFor a conjunction to offer quality go, it ought to site down a framework that is going to make the company more proactive in decisions qualification and insure good bright future of the firm. The company strategic vision is to offer exemplary high-quality catch services at affordable prices. For an enterprise to be functional, it ought to develop ways that be going to ensure that it is guaranteed to win the competition in services delivery. Enterprises have to develop mechanisms that are going to ensure it responds to slashing eternal changes amicably for it to pursue its mission.The corporate strategy of a company ought to spell out the goals that are major all its priorities, the plan of events and the course of action throughout a certain period. Many merchant marine companies ply to focus on offering only one service transport of goods and services. A company corporate strategy ought to be based on the design, by majorly focusing on the young and beginners for services. Therefore, the harvesting strategy of a company should focus on diversifying its services to incorporate postally and care hire services intended to meet the diverse needs of people. The major hitches that any enterprise business will tend to face throughout its operations are competition, resources and the necessary capabilities. The corporate world is one of the most volatilisable areas of the economy that are had to operate without skill and, therefore, requires deliberate courses of actions. However, such challenges can be suppress by developing viable strategic plans that are going to spell out all the courses of action to overcome them.

Sustainable Development (plan paper) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sustainable Development (plan paper) - Essay ExampleDuring this period, as many as 12 distinct goals and 88 focus areas will be covered to give voice sustainable initiatives. The NSDS has received strategic and monetary assistance from the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), which has sought to foster in the exploitation of communities ravaged by the Tsunami in 2004 (ADB, 2005). Kenya has also embarked upon a comprehensive sustainable development (SD) plan amazeed at protecting the countrys environment and vivid resources. The SD plan was developed with the aim of providing applicable education to the masses in a bid to encourage local action. The SD has also gained blow as Kenya had previously not given importance to tackling the threats affecting the environment and there have been delays on the part of the administration in understanding the link surrounded by environment and SD (Adzobu, 2008). The Kenyan SD plan gives chief(a) importance to the protection of the b iophysical dimension of the forests while there has been lesser focus towards improving social and economic factors. The SD plan was developed further into the National Environment Action Plan (NEAP) in 2005, which considered the role of poverty, as yet a major challenge faced by the country, and the resulting socio-economic pressures on the governments efforts to protect the grounds natural resources. The NEAP has noted the importance of capacity building over the coming hardly a(prenominal) years to tackle the various issues posed by technological, economic, social and political deficiencies. The role of education in this scenario has also shifted from a concern towards the physical environment towards popularizing the intricate interplay between human activities and the environment (Wood, 2007). SD is gum olibanum being introduced as part of the regular school curriculum and is taught to students belonging to the fifth grade and beyond. The initial phase of the NEAP will be implemented up to the year 2010 and will be followed by a thorough performance review prior to the introduction of the subsequent phases (Wood, 2007). The primary similarity between the SD plans of Maldives and Kenya is their extensive focus on protecting the local environment, although several differences and variations exist. The strategy adopted by Maldives is aimed at stimulating local activities such that businesses can develop ecologically sustainable methods, people can cast down their dependence on non-renewable fuels and scarce land can be protected from submersion (Annandale, 2007). The NSDS has also introduced ship canal to protect the fragile coral reefs around the archipelago as a solution to protect the islands from rising ocean levels. On the other hand, the SD plan developed by Kenya is aimed at protecting the countrys natural resources and biodiversity. The plan was developed and promoted by the Kenya Organization for Environmental Education (KOEE) and is frankinc ense considered as an internal envision (Adzobu, 2008). In contrast, the NSDS of the Maldives has received considerable support from the UNEP through various mediums (ADB, 2005). Additionally, the SD plan is focused towards imparting relevant education within Kenyan schools and is thus a long-term initiative. The impact of the NEAP will thus require some time

How has information technology changed the daily lives of enlisted men Research Paper

How has information applied science changed the daily lives of enlisted men and women serving in conflict zones overseas - Research Paper ExampleWith the back up of academic literatures, this cover alike aims to define information technology as used in this paper to provide a background as to how information technology relates to the US force, and provide a diachronic background of the utilization of IT in the US phalanx forces to probe on how technology has affected military forces across different eras. 2.0 Information Technology (IT) Generally, Information Technology or IT is the processing of information by the computer systems which are greatly used for communication, data security and storage (Stoyles, Pentland, & Demant, 2003, p. 4). Thus, information technology helps the sight in gathering, sharing and storing of data in a convenient and fast manner. Moreover, according to Yadav (2006, p. 2), information technology includes television sets, published works, computers and the Internet (which are common technologies used at home and offices) and any opposite media platforms where people can acquire information. In the context of the military forces, information technology relates to the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) wherein information technology is used for weaponry, surveillance mechanisms, processing of information, and organizational transformations of different military units (Goldman, 2005, p. 1). These benefits center on the organizational advantage of the force. Part of the utilization of information technology of the US corps is also to provide personal benefits to the military soldiers as privatization of housing through IT, skills development and telemedicine programs. 3.0 IT and the Military memorial In the early days of contend fighting, assorted nations have adopted new technologies that brought radical changes in fighting. The end of World War II has marked the birth of atomic bombs where it was later developed to henry bombs (Perry, 2004, p. 235). As people become more k straightledgeable on the use of technology, the weapons and war instruments have also metamorphosed to a more advanced state. Furthermore, as the Soviet Union and the United States of America are creating war technologies based on fatal situations, both countries have developed missiles (Perry, 2004, p. 235). War weaponry continuously evolved which now includes new systems as satellites, smart sensors and new aircrafts to name a few. However, during the 1990s, as information technology soft shapes the American society, and likewise, the US military has also acknowledged the importance of such technological advancement to but develop its strategies and principles that will ensure the dominance of the forces of the US military (Dombrowski & Gholz, 2006, p. 1). As information technology in the military forces centers on the war fighting improvement, they have implemented network-centric warfare, thereby providing a centralized su bstructure that allows communication, detection mechanics, commanding and controlling systems, combat information and battleground bearings among others that can be accessed by various military personnel (X. Wang, Wei, & H. Wang, 2012, p. 573). From the mechanical war instruments, the advent of more advance technologies paved way for the

Strategic management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 3

Strategic management - Essay Example not bad(p) telephone line performance on the part of the caller considering that mainland China peace-loving earned only HK$812 one thousand thousand during the first and second quarter of 2009 (ibid).It is a common knowledge that the economic and financial performance of individually country could somehow significantly affect the supply and demand for airline services. Basically, economic recession associated with song market crashes, currency c grind aways, real estate crises, and financial bubbles among the long list of other financial and banking problems much(prenominal) as the case of the Lehman Brothers could adversely affect the business performance of airline companies. In some cases, the rise and fall of oil prices in the world market, the presences of SARS outbreak, and the post September 11-crises could also affect the profitability of airline companies.Considering the past and present global economic crisis and the actual busin ess performance of mainland China Pacific in the global markets, this study aims to identify and discuss the prevailing strategies used by the company to enable the business remain strong despite the challenges faced by the airline companies. Basically, analyzing the strategies used by Cathay Pacific will enable the readers to have a better understanding behind the secret of the companys successful endeavour.Today, Cathay Pacific is considered as one of the best and most competitive Asiatic Airline Business within the global airline industry. As part of determining the competitive advantages of Cathay Pacific against its close competitors like the Singapore Airlines Limited, major factors that made the company successful in implementing its business strategies will be mentioned and critically analyzed. In line with going through the main discussion, the companys superiorities and inferiorities could significantly affect the decision-making process of its top management will be tack led in details.Airways, the company managed to in effect surpass the declining demand for